Poverty and Gender: Determinants of Female- and Male-Headed Households with Children in Poverty in the USA, 2019
نویسندگان
چکیده
Attaining economic parity and reducing poverty between the genders are critical steps toward attaining United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Despite progress, women in US still earn USD 0.83 for every 1.00 that a man earns. With rising shares of single/female-headed households with children American society recent years, such gaps earnings exacerbate misery living households. In 2019, female-headed had rates almost twice (36.5%) single/male-headed families (16.3%). This paper uses five-year Community Survey estimates from National Historical Geographic Information System to empirically examine spatial distribution determinants female-versus-male-headed counties USA. Lower levels educational attainment associated higher both genders. A bachelor’s degree education is households, whereas majoring business, sciences, engineering, arts/humanities lower male-headed Service-sector occupations inherently contribute groups. Over-representation management/professional natural-resources, construction, maintenance-type works well management/professional, sales/office, service-based associate households—pointing “working poor”—comprising largely active female labor force new economy. Full- part-time work status alleviates males.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Sustainability
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2071-1050']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097602